Electrochemical biosensors are devices that use electrochemical reactions to detect and measure the concentration of specific substances in a sample. These sensors use a combination of biochemical and electrical components to detect the presence of specific molecules, such as glucose, lactate, or cholesterol. The biosensor consists of a bioreceptor, which is a specific enzyme or antibody that recognizes and binds to the target molecule, and an electrochemical transducer, which converts the chemical reaction into an electrical signal that can be measured. Electrochemical biosensors are widely used in a variety of applications, including medical diagnostics, food and water quality testing, and environmental monitoring.
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